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South Africa hopes to ease crippling blackouts as major power station recovers_我的网站

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A | JOHANNESBURG -- South African officials are hoping that the gradual recovery of one of the country's biggest coal-fired power stations will reduce crippling power blackouts.At least two units at the Kusile power station have been restored in the last three weeks, adding 1,600 megawatts to the national grid and reducing the rolling power blackouts, which can last up to 12 hours a day.The units have been out of service since they broke down in October last year, contributing significantly to the blackouts, known in South Africa as loadshedding.The two units were restored nearly two months ahead of schedule and two more are expected to be brought back online before the end of the year, officials said.While the full recovery of the power station is unlikely to end all power blackouts, it is seen as a significant step toward resolving the power crisis that has severely affected households and the country’s economy.The Kusile power station has six generating units capable of producing 800 megawatts each, making it one of the biggest coal-fired power stations in the world with a total capacity of 4,800 megawatts of electricity.“Both units are adding 1,600 megawatts back into the grid, thereby improving the available generation capacity. This signifies that Eskom is on the right path to reducing and ultimately ending loadshedding,” Daphne Mokwena, spokesperson for power utility Eskom, said Tuesday.The government remains under pressure to bring Kusile and another power station, Medupi, up to full operation. Construction delays, cost overruns and allegations of corruption have besieged both power stations since their construction began in 2007.South Africa has committed to a transition from a heavy reliance on coal for electricity generation to cleaner sources including solar, wind and battery storage. The transition has secured funding pledges of up to $8.5 billion from France, the U.K, Germany, the U.S. and the European Union.However, the country's electricity crisis has led the government to consider prolonging the lifespan of its aging power stations.The country has also launched a program to secure additional electricity from neighboring countries.。

B | 新加坡的医疗成本不断上涨，引发了广泛的社会关注。而背后潜藏的主要问题——健康保险中的“按收费”模式，正逐渐成为国家金融灾难的潜在威胁。1. “按收费”计划的起源与问题2005年，新加坡健康保险领域的新秀Aviva引入了“按收费”计划，打破了健康保险市场的格局。该计划允许保险公司为医生和医院批准的任何治疗买单，导致医疗成本迅速上涨。这种模式让医生和医院可以选择最昂贵的治疗方案，而患者则因相信“最好的治疗”而积极参与。结果，医疗费用激增，公共医疗支出大幅攀升，最终负担转嫁给了消费者。数据显示，自2009年以来，政府在医疗保健方面的支出已增加了四倍，这种不可持续的增长趋势引发了社会的广泛担忧。

C | 来源：clema risk solutions2. 成本上升的背后：谁在为“按收费”买单随着“按收费”计划的普及，私立医院的医疗费用远远超过了公立医院，导致整体医疗成本的大幅上涨。研究表明，有“按收费”保险的患者，其医疗支出比没有此类保险的患者高出25%。这一问题引发了政府的关注。李显龙资政呼吁遏制过度治疗和过度开药，以控制医疗成本的攀升。

D | 然而，政治意愿的不足使得问题迟迟未得到根本解决。在这一背景下，政府近年来尝试了一些零碎的措施，例如限制医生选择，但这些措施效果有限，未能真正解决成本上升的核心问题。来源：联合早报3. 变革迫在眉睫：如何解决“按收费”问题要解决医疗成本上升的问题，必须从根本上改革“按收费”保险计划。

E | 我的建议是，取消在综合盾计划中使用MediSave资金的“按收费”覆盖范围，转而采用更具成本效益的计划。此外，保险计划的可移植性问题也需要得到解决。

F | 新加坡精算协会的研究表明，提升保险的可移植性将有助于增强市场竞争，允许新加坡人选择更适合的保险产品。

G | 总之，取消“按收费”计划和提升保险的可移植性，将是解决新加坡医疗成本问题的关键举措。这是一场必须进行的改革，为了全社会的利益，迫切需要采取行动。来源：联合早报面对日益严峻的医疗成本问题，新加坡亟需对现有的健康保险体系进行全面改革。只有通过各方的共同努力，才能为全体居民提供可持续的、负担得起的医疗保障。参考资料：1. Commentary: To contain spiralling healthcare costs in Singapore, we must remove the original sin，channelnewsasia。

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Published on:04:15:27

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